1 Introduction

This document summarizes the draft analysis of the survey data from the Cocoa livelihoods study, collected between 29/Nov/2016 and 21/Mar/2017

2 Basic data description

2.1 Locations

There are 3045 surveys

Survey locations

Survey locations

2.2 Respondents by Country

## Survey Note:  Added variable based on Country data source

3 Characteristics of the respondents

3.1 Sex of the Respondent

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.58  
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Gender"

3.2 Head of Households

3.2.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Are you the head of the household? (the respondent)"

3.2.2 By Sex of the Respondent

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Are you the head of the household? (the respondent)"

3.3 Country, Sex and head combined

3.4 Age

3.4.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 ***

3.4.2 By Sex of the respondent

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.26  
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 ***

3.5 Marital Status

3.5.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "What is your marital status? "

3.5.2 By Sex of the Respondent

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "What is your marital status? "

3.6 Education

3.6.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "What was the highest level of education you completed?"

3.6.2 By Sex of the Respondent

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "What was the highest level of education you completed?"

3.7 Hability to read in English/French

3.7.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Are you able to read a sentence in English?"

3.7.2 By Sex of the Respondent

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Are you able to read a sentence in English?"

4 Household Composition

4.1 Sex of the Head

4.1.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Calculate variable, based on respondent 1 or respondent 2

4.1.2 By Sex of the Respondent

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Calculate variable, based on respondent 1 or respondent 2

4.2 Ages of members

4.2.1 By Country

4.2.2 By Sex of the Head

4.3 Total Household size

4.3.1 By Country

4.3.2 By Sex of the Head

5 Income Sources & Shares

5.1 Most Important Income

5.1.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Overall, what was your household's BIGGEST source of income in last year?"

5.1.2 By Sex of the Head

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.01 *** 
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Overall, what was your household's BIGGEST source of income in last year?"

5.2 Second Most Important Income

5.2.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Overall, what was your household's SECOND BIGGEST source of income in last year?"

5.2.2 By Sex of the Head

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.04 ** 
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Overall, what was your household's SECOND BIGGEST source of income in last year?"

5.3 Income Shares

5.3.1 By Country

5.3.2 By Sex of the Head

6 Crops Cultivated

6.1 Most Important Crops

6.1.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "What was your household's MOST important crop last year?"

6.1.2 By Sex of the Head

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.09 * 
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "What was your household's MOST important crop last year?"

6.2 Second most Important Crops

6.2.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "What was you household's SECOND MOST important crop last year?"

6.2.2 By Sex of the Head

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "What was you household's SECOND MOST important crop last year?"

6.3 Most or Second most Important Crops

6.3.1 By Country

6.3.2 By Sex of the Head

6.4 All crops produced

6.4.1 By Country

6.4.2 By Sex of the Head

6.5 Number of crops produced

6.5.1 By Country

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana (N = 1560) Group: CdI (N = 1485)
Number of Crops      
   min 0 0
   max 17 15
   median (IQR) 5.00 (3.00, 6.00) 5 (3.00, 8.00)
   mean (95% CI) 5.00 (4.88, 5.13) 5.84 (5.68, 6.01) 
## p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.00 ***

6.5.2 By Sex of the Head

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana Female head (N = 288) Group: Ghana Male head (N = 1270) Group: CdI Female head (N = 157) Group: CdI Male head (N = 1323)
Number of Crops            
   min 0 0 0 0
   max 17 16 13 15
   median (IQR) 4.00 (3.00, 6.00) 5.00 (3.00, 6.00) 5 (3.00, 8.00) 5 (3.00, 8.00)
   mean (95% CI) 4.79 (4.50, 5.08) 5.05 (4.91, 5.19) 5.29 (4.81, 5.76) 5.92 (5.75, 6.10) 
## Within Ghana: p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.12  
## Within CdI: p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.02 **

6.6 All crops sold

6.6.1 By Country

6.6.2 By Sex of the Head

6.7 Crops sold if produced

6.7.1 By Country

6.7.2 By Sex of the Head

6.8 Number of crops sold

6.8.1 By Country

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana (N = 1560) Group: CdI (N = 1485)
Number of Crops      
   min 0 0
   max 14 11
   median (IQR) 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) 2 (1.00, 4.00)
   mean (95% CI) 3.33 (3.24, 3.42) 2.81 (2.72, 2.91) 
## p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.00 ***

6.8.2 By Sex of the Head

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana Female head (N = 288) Group: Ghana Male head (N = 1270) Group: CdI Female head (N = 157) Group: CdI Male head (N = 1323)
Number of Crops            
   min 0 0 0 0
   max 14 14 11 11
   median (IQR) 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) 2 (1.00, 3.00) 2 (2.00, 4.00)
   mean (95% CI) 3.08 (2.87, 3.28) 3.39 (3.29, 3.49) 2.40 (2.12, 2.69) 2.87 (2.77, 2.97) 
## Within Ghana: p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.01 *** 
## Within CdI: p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.00 ***

7 Land

7.1 Unit of report

7.1.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "What land unit do you know best in your village?"

7.1.2 By Sex of the Head

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.31  
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "What land unit do you know best in your village?"

7.2 What farmers know

7.2.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.01 ** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Do you know how many  your household used to cultivate ALL crops last year?"

7.2.2 By Sex of the Head

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Do you know how many  your household used to cultivate ALL crops last year?"

7.3 Summary

7.3.1 By Country

7.3.2 By Sex of the Head

7.4 All cultivated land distribution

7.4.1 By Country

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana (N = 1360) Group: CdI (N = 1236)
land (ha)      
   min 0.2 0.0
   max 18.62 22.00
   median (IQR) 3.84 (2.43, 6.07) 4.25 (2.50, 7.25)
   mean (95% CI) 4.75 (4.57, 4.94) 5.41 (5.18, 5.65) 
## p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Calculated variable

7.4.2 By Sex of the Head

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana Female head (N = 239) Group: Ghana Male head (N = 1119) Group: CdI Female head (N = 116) Group: CdI Male head (N = 1115)
land (ha)            
   min 0.35 0.20 0.00 0.00
   max 17.92 18.62 19.00 22.00
   median (IQR) 3.04 (1.90, 4.88) 4.05 (2.43, 6.36) 1.62 (0.75, 3.50) 4.50 (2.50, 7.50)
   mean (95% CI) 3.83 (3.46, 4.21) 4.95 (4.74, 5.16) 2.96 (2.32, 3.59) 5.69 (5.44, 5.93) 
## Within Ghana: p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.00 *** 
## Within CdI: p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Calculated variable

7.5 All owned land distribution

7.5.1 By Country

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana (N = 1350) Group: CdI (N = 1115)
land (ha)      
   min 0 0
   max 18.62 30.00
   median (IQR) 3.03 (1.23, 5.26) 6.50 (4.00, 11.00)
   mean (95% CI) 3.94 (3.74, 4.14) 8.03 (7.68, 8.37) 
## p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Calculated variable

7.5.2 By Sex of the Head

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana Female head (N = 238) Group: Ghana Male head (N = 1110) Group: CdI Female head (N = 103) Group: CdI Male head (N = 1008)
land (ha)            
   min 0 0 0 0
   max 16.19 18.62 25.25 30.00
   median (IQR) 2.83 (1.21, 4.35) 3.21 (1.23, 5.67) 3.00 (1.00, 5.50) 7.00 (4.00, 11.50)
   mean (95% CI) 3.42 (3.04, 3.80) 4.06 (3.83, 4.29) 4.54 (3.60, 5.48) 8.40 (8.04, 8.77) 
## Within Ghana: p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.02 ** 
## Within CdI: p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Calculated variable

7.6 All leased distribution

7.6.1 By Country

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana (N = 1360) Group: CdI (N = 1234)
land (ha)      
   min 0 0
   max 8.09 8.00
   median (IQR) 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) 0.00 (0.00, 0.00)
   mean (95% CI) 0.12 (0.08, 0.15) 0.16 (0.12, 0.20) 
## p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.10  
## Survey Note:  Calculated variable

7.6.2 By Sex of the Head

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana Female head (N = 239) Group: Ghana Male head (N = 1119) Group: CdI Female head (N = 116) Group: CdI Male head (N = 1113)
land (ha)            
   min 0 0 0 0
   max 7.08 8.09 2.00 8.00
   median (IQR) 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) 0.00 (0.00, 0.00)
   mean (95% CI) 0.13 (0.04, 0.22) 0.12 (0.08, 0.15) 0.05 (0.01, 0.09) 0.17 (0.13, 0.22) 
## Within Ghana: p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.78  
## Within CdI: p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.07 * 
## Survey Note:  Calculated variable

8 Food Security

Respondents with 3 meals a day

8.1 By Country

8.2 By Sex of the Head

9 Nutrition

Nutriont section was built upon the Minimum Dietary Diversity Score for Women.

Details can be found here

Only asked to Female respondents in reproductive age (between 15 and 49 years old)

9.1 Food groups

Share of women 15-49 years of age who consumed each food group in the previous 24 hours

9.1.1 By Country

9.1.2 By Sex of the Head

9.2 Women’s Dietary Diversity Score

Number of food groups consumed by women 15-49 years of age in the previous 24 hours.

9.2.1 By Country

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana (N = 230) Group: CdI (N = 293)
WDDS      
   min 1 0
   max 10 9
   median (IQR) 5.00 (4.00, 6.00) 4 (3.00, 5.00)
   mean (95% CI) 5.15 (4.93, 5.37) 4.06 (3.91, 4.21) 
## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 ***

9.2.2 By Sex of the Head

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana Female head (N = 96) Group: Ghana Male head (N = 132) Group: CdI Female head (N = 57) Group: CdI Male head (N = 234)
WDDS            
   min 2 1 1 1
   max 10 10 9 9
   median (IQR) 5.00 (4.00, 6.00) 5.00 (4.00, 6.00) 4 (3.00, 4.00) 4.00 (3.00, 5.00)
   mean (95% CI) 4.92 (4.58, 5.25) 5.31 (5.02, 5.60) 3.75 (3.41, 4.10) 4.15 (3.99, 4.32) 
## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.28  
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.11

9.3 Minimum Dietary Diversity

Dichotomous indicator of whether or not women 15-49 years of age have consumed at least five out of ten food groups in the previous 24 hours.

9.3.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 ***

9.3.2 By Sex of the Head

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.26  
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 ***

10 Loans

10.1 Was money borrowed?

10.1.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.09 * 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Last year, did YOU yourself borrow any money from anyone? Including friends, banks, money lenders etc."

10.1.2 By Sex of the Head

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.29  
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.63  
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Last year, did YOU yourself borrow any money from anyone? Including friends, banks, money lenders etc."

10.2 Amounts

10.2.1 By Country

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana (N = 387) Group: CdI (N = 331)
Loan amounts (usd)      
   min 1.04 0.06
   max 1305.8 498.0
   median (IQR) 261.16 (104.46, 391.74) 83.00 (37.35, 166.00)
   mean (95% CI) 299.13 (272.10, 326.16) 127.26 (114.67, 139.85) 
## p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Remove Outliers (4sd) applied to values above 0 per country

10.2.2 By Sex of the Head

Summary Statistics Group: Ghana Female head (N = 78) Group: Ghana Male head (N = 309) Group: CdI Female head (N = 40) Group: CdI Male head (N = 291)
Loan amounts (usd)            
   min 1.04 15.67 8.30 0.06
   max 1305.8 1305.8 332.0 498.0
   median (IQR) 169.75 (52.23, 313.39) 261.16 (130.58, 470.09) 83.00 (33.20, 166.00) 83.00 (40.67, 166.00)
   mean (95% CI) 243.55 (190.38, 296.71) 313.16 (282.24, 344.09) 101.84 (76.18, 127.50) 130.75 (116.91, 144.59) 
## Within Ghana: p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.04 ** 
## Within CdI: p-value of One way ANOVA test: 0.14  
## Survey Note:  Remove Outliers (4sd) applied to values above 0 per country

10.3 Loan Source

If borrowed, from who?

10.3.1 By Country

10.3.2 By Sex of the Head

10.4 Loan Use

10.4.1 By Country

10.4.2 By Sex of the Head

10.5 Repayment

10.5.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Were you able to repay the loan within the agreed repayment period?"

10.5.2 By Sex of the Head

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.63  
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.70  
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "Were you able to repay the loan within the agreed repayment period?"

10.6 Collateral

10.6.1 By Country

## p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.00 *** 
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "What did you use for collateral?"

10.6.2 By Sex of the Head

## Within Ghana: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.12  
## Within CdI: p-value of Chi-squared test: 0.18  
## Survey Note:  Original English Survey Question: "What did you use for collateral?"